Programming Paradigms Flashcards

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What are three types of data structures or types specifically listed for defining and declaring constants and variables?
Examples include **alphanumeric strings**, **arrays**, **Boolean**, **characters**, **date/time**, **floating point (real)**, **integers**, **objects**, **records**, **sets**, and **strings**.

[Source: C1 Handling data within a program]
When managing variables, what are the two scopes of variables discussed?
The two scopes are **local variables** and **global variables**.

[Source: C1 Managing variables]
Besides mathematical operators, what are the two other types of operators used in arithmetic operations?
**Relational operators** (e.g., =, <, >) and **Boolean operators** (NOT, AND, OR) are used. **Date/time handling** is also listed.

[Source: C2 Arithmetic operations]
Which category of built-in functions includes `random`, `round`, and `truncation`?
These are categorized as **Arithmetic functions**.

[Source: C3 Built-in functions]
Give an example of a string conversion function listed under string handling functions.
String conversion includes converting **integer/float to string** or **string to integer/float**.

[Source: C3 String handling functions]
List three validation check techniques used to analyse and improve the accuracy and validity of data.
Validation check techniques include **data type**, **range**, **constraints**, and **Boolean** checks. **Post-check actions** are also listed.

[Source: C4 Validating data]
What are the four specific keywords listed for implementing loops in control structures?
The listed loop keywords are **REPEAT**, **FOR**, **WHILE**, and **BREAK**.

[Source: C5 Control structures]
Name the two types of arrays mentioned under data structures.
The two types are **single dimensional arrays** and **multi-dimensional arrays**.

[Source: C6 Data structures]
What are the three standard sorting algorithms listed?
The standard sorting algorithms listed are **bubble sort**, **quick sort**, and **insertion sort**.

[Source: C7 Common/standard algorithms]
What do the abbreviations LIFO and FIFO stand for, relating to stacks and queues?
LIFO stands for **Last In First Out** and FIFO stands for **First In First Out**.

[Source: C7 Using stacks and queues]